HPV vaccine
Class of vaccines against human papillomavirus / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about HPV vaccine?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).[19] Available HPV vaccines protect against either two, four, or nine types of HPV.[19][20] All HPV vaccines protect against at least HPV types 16 and 18, which cause the greatest risk of cervical cancer.[19] It is estimated that HPV vaccines may prevent 70% of cervical cancer, 80% of anal cancer, 60% of vaginal cancer, 40% of vulvar cancer, and show more than 90% efficacy in preventing HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers.[21][22][23][24] They additionally prevent some genital warts, with the quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines that protect against HPV types HPV-6 and HPV-11 providing greater protection.[19]
Vaccine description | |
---|---|
Target | Human papillomavirus (HPV) |
Vaccine type | Protein subunit |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Gardasil, Cervarix, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a615028 |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
|
Routes of administration | Intramuscular injection |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | |
ChemSpider |
|
NY (what is this?) (verify) |
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends HPV vaccines as part of routine vaccinations in all countries, along with other prevention measures.[19] The vaccines require two or three doses depending on a person's age and immune status.[19] Vaccinating girls around the ages of nine to thirteen is typically recommended.[19] The vaccines provide protection for at least 5 to 10 years.[19] Cervical cancer screening is still required following vaccination.[19] Vaccinating a large portion of the population may also benefit the unvaccinated.[25]
HPV vaccines are very safe.[19] Pain at the site of injection occurs in about 80% of people.[19] Redness and swelling at the site and fever may also occur.[19] No link to Guillain–Barré syndrome has been found.[19]
The first HPV vaccine became available in 2006.[19][26] As of 2022, 125 countries include HPV vaccine in their routine vaccinations for girls, and 47 countries also for boys.[19] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines[27][28] and prequalified vaccines.[29] Vaccination may be cost effective in the low and middle-income countries.[30] As of 2017, Gardasil 9 is the only HPV vaccine available in the United States, as it provides protection against more HPV types than the earlier approved vaccines (the original Gardasil and Cervarix).[31][32]