User:Yodashenchman/Lebanese Civil War
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The Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) was a civil war in Lebanon that saw an American lead intervention, Syrian invasion, United Nations Intervention, and an Israeli invasion. The war was more of an ethnic conflict between Muslims and Maronite Christians and Jewish minorities in Lebanon. The war was mainly caused due to Black September, as it allowed Palestinians to attack Israel from Lebanon.
Lebanese Civil War | |||||
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Part of Cold War | |||||
Lebanese Arab Army EML Panhard near a Jeep, c 1982 | |||||
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Belligerents | |||||
Multinational Force Arab Deterrence Force |
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Lebanese National Resistance Front
Supported By: Iran |
Zghrata Liberation Army Palestinian National Salvation Front |
After Black September, the Palestinians were expelled alongside their Militias, so they moved their base of operations to Lebanon, where they attacked the Israelis in the Yom Kippur War using Lebanese land. The Christians were annoyed by the Palestinians, after the Palestinians attacked a church in Ain el-Rummaneh, killing 4 Maronites.
Bashir Gemayel, the leader of the Kataeb Party, launched an attack. A bus of 30 Palestinians was stopped, and the Lebanese Front militants opened fire, the massacre was then dubbed the "Bus Massacre". In response, clashes began to happen in the entire country between Maronite militias and Palestinian militias.
On December 6th, 1975, 4 Kataeb party members were killed, in response, the party set up checkpoints in Beirut, most Lebanese Muslims and Palestinians were killed by the Kataeb militants. The Palestinians and Muslim militias also committed their own massacres such as the Damour massacre.
After the attacks, the country fell into a Civil War which resulted in an intervention from the U.S, France, United Kingdom, and the Italians alongside an intervention from Syria, and a United Nations Mission that was meant to ensure the withdrawal of Israeli forces.