China
cultural region, ancient civilization, and nation in East Asia, mostly refer to the People's Republic of China in political situation and rarely refer to the Republic of China / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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People's Republic of China
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Anthem:
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Capital | Beijing[lower-alpha 1] 39°55′N 116°23′E |
Largest city | Shanghai[1] |
Official languages | Standard Chinese[2][lower-alpha 2] |
Official written language | Vernacular Chinese |
Simplified Chinese[2] | |
Ethnic groups | |
Demonym(s) | Chinese |
Government | Socialist, Single-party state[4] |
Xi Jinping[lower-alpha 4] | |
• Premier | Li Qiang |
• Congress Chairman | Zhang Dejiang |
• Conference Chairman | Yu Zhengsheng |
• First-ranked Secretary of the Secretariat | Liu Yunshan |
• Secretary of Discipline Inspection Commission | Wang Qishan |
• First Vice Premier | Zhang Gaoli |
Legislature | National People's Congress |
Formation | |
• First Unification of China under the Qin Dynasty | 221 BCE |
1 January 1912 | |
1 October 1949 | |
Area | |
• Total | 9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi)[lower-alpha 5] (3rd/4th) |
• Water (%) | 0.28%[lower-alpha 6] |
Population | |
• 2016 estimate | 1,403,500,365[9] (1st) |
1,339,724,852[11] (1st) | |
• Density | 139.6/km2 (361.6/sq mi) (83rd) |
GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $27.449 trillion[12] (1st) |
• Per capita | $19,559[12] (79th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $15.543 trillion (IMF)[12]
$15.224 trillion (China NBS)[13][14] (2nd) |
• Per capita | $11,074[12] (70th) |
Gini (2015) | 46.2[15][16] high |
HDI (2017) | 0.752[17] high · 86th |
Currency | Renminbi (yuan)(¥)[lower-alpha 7] (CNY) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard Time) |
Date format | |
Driving side | right[lower-alpha 8] |
Calling code | +86 |
ISO 3166 code | CN |
Internet TLD |
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China | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中國 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 中国 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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China (simplified Chinese: 中国; traditional Chinese: 中國 Pinyin: Zhōngguó) is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and a nation in East Asia. The official name is People's Republic of China or PRC.
The last Chinese Civil War (1927–1949) resulted in two different political powers today:
- The Republic of China (ROC) (since 1911), commonly known as China since 1 January, 1911 to 25 October, 1971. Now commonly known as Taiwan, has control over the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu.
- The People's Republic of China (PRC) (since 1949), commonly known as China, has control over mainland China and the largely self-governing territories of Hong Kong (since 1997) and Macau (since 1999).
China is one of the world's oldest civilizations: it has the oldest continuous civilization near the Yellow River region.[18] There is archaeological evidence over 5,000 years old.[19] China also has one of the world's oldest writing systems (and the oldest in use today). China has been the source of many major inventions.[19] Geographically, China’s longest river is the Yangtze River which runs through mega cities and is home to many species. It is the world’s third longest river.