Yaƙin Larabawa-Isra'ila 1948
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Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1948 (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta alif 1947-1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu.
| |
Iri | yaƙi |
---|---|
Bangare na | Yakin Falasdinu na 1948 |
Kwanan watan | 1940s |
Time period (en) | contemporary history (en) |
Wuri |
Sinai Peninsula (en) Southern Lebanon (en) Falasdinu, Gabas ta tsakiya |
Ƙasa | Falasdinu |
Participant (en) |
Arab League (en) Israel Defense Forces (en) David Ben-Gurion (en) Army of the Holy War (en) Arab Liberation Army (en) Isra'ila 1948 Palestinian exodus (en) |
Sanadi | ethnic violence (en) |
Yana haddasa |
1948 Palestinian exodus (en) Jewish exodus from the Muslim world (en) |
Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947-1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta alif 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.[1] An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta alif 1917, da kuma shekara ta alif 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta alif 1936-zuwa 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta alif 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta alif 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta alif 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami.
A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.[2] Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.[3][4] An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.[5]
Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,[6] ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.[7] Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.[8] Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.[9]