Blaise Pascal
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Blaise Pascal (/pæˈskæl/, UK: /-ˈskɑːl, ˈpæskəl, -skæl/, US: /pɑːˈskɑːl/;[1][2][3][4][5] Faransanci: [blɛz paskal]; 19 June 1623 – 19 August 1662) masanin lissafi ne dan kasar Faransa, masanin physics, mai ƙirƙira, masanin Falsafa, kuma marubucin katolika.
Blaise Pascal | |
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Rayuwa | |
Haihuwa | birth house of Blaise Pascal (en) da Clairmont (en) , 19 ga Yuni, 1623 |
ƙasa | Kingdom of France (en) |
Mazauni |
Clermont-Ferrand Faris Rouen Faris |
Harshen uwa | Faransanci |
Mutuwa | Faris, 19 ga Augusta, 1662 |
Makwanci | Saint-Étienne-du-Mont (en) |
Yanayin mutuwa | Sababi na ainihi |
Ƴan uwa | |
Mahaifi | Étienne Pascal |
Mahaifiya | Antoinette Begon |
Abokiyar zama | Not married |
Ahali | Jacqueline Pascal (en) da Gilberte Périer (en) |
Ƴan uwa |
view
|
Karatu | |
Harsuna |
Harshen Latin Faransanci |
Sana'a | |
Sana'a | masanin lissafi, mai falsafa, Malamin akida, physicist (en) , marubuci, French moralist (en) da statistician (en) |
Muhimman ayyuka |
Pensées (en) Lettres provinciales (en) |
Wanda ya ja hankalinsa | Augustine na Hippo, Michel de Montaigne (en) , René Descartes, Cornelius Jansen (en) da Epictetus (en) |
Mamba | Académie Le Pailleur (en) |
Sunan mahaifi | Louis de Montalte, Amos Dettonville da Salomon de Tultie |
Imani | |
Addini |
jansenism (en) Katolika |
Pascal ya kasance yana bincike mai ma'ana tuna yana kasa da shekaru 10 wanda mahaifinsa ya koyar da shi, wani jami'in haraji dan kasar Rouen. Aikinsa na farko farko akan lissafi shine conic sections. Yayi rubutu masu tasiri sosai akan darasin projective geometry a lokacin yana da shekaru 16. Daga nan yayi aiki tare da Pierre de Fermat akan probability theory. Wanda yayi tasiri sosai a wajen bunkasa tattalin arziki na zamani da kuma Kimiyyar zamantakewa. Acikin shekarar 1642, ya fara aiki akan wasu na'urorin lissafi (wanda ake kira da Pascal's calculators sannan daga baya Pascalines), hakan ya sanya shi ya zama daya daga cikin mutum biyu da suka fara kirkirar Nau'rar Lissafi.[6][7]
Kamar dai René Descartes, shima Pascal na daga cikin wanda suka fara bunkasa kimiyyar natural and applied sciences. Pascal yayi rubutu sosai akan Salon Kimiyya (scientific method) kuma rubuta jayayya da dama akan hakan. Ya bada gudummawa sosai a wajen nazarin fluids (kaman ruwa, iska da dai sauransu), kuma yayi karin haske game da nazarin Pressure da kuma Vacuum ta hanyar tattara ayyukan Evangelista Torricelli. Shima ya goyi bayan Torricelli da Galileo Galilei kuma ya musunta aikin Aristotle da Descartes wanda suka ce, cewa duniya bata dauke da vacuum a shekarar 1647.
A cikin shekara ta 1646, an bayyana shi da kanwansa Jacqueline a matsayin mabiya tafarkin katolika wanda aka fi sani da Jansenism.[8] Bayan hikimar da ya samu ta hanyar addini a karshen shekarar 1654, ya fara rubuta ayyuka masu tasiri ta fuskar falsafa da fiqhu. Ayyukansa guda biyu da suka yi fice a wancan lokacin: Lettres provinciales da kuma Pensées, na farkon ya ta'allaka ne akan rikici tsakanin Jansenists da Jesuits.
Pascal yayi fama da laulayi na rashin lafiya, musamman tun daga bayan shekaru 18; ya mutu bayan watanni biyu kacal bayan bikin murnan zagayowar ranan haihuwarsa shekara 39.[9]