Arnold Schoenberg
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Arnold Schoenberg ko Schönberg (, US also /ˈʃoʊn-/; Jamusanci German: [ˈʃøːnbɛɐ̯k] 13 ga Satumba, 1874 – 13 Yuli 1951) ɗan Austriya-Ba-Amurke mawaki ne, masanin kida, malami, marubuci, kuma mai zane. Ana yi masa kallon daya daga cikin mawakan da suka fi tasiri a karni na 20. An danganta shi da motsin furci a cikin shayari da fasaha na Jamus, kuma jagoran Makarantar Viennese ta Biyu. A matsayin mawaƙin Bayahude, Schoenberg ya yi niyya da Jam'iyyar Nazi, wanda ya lakafta ayyukansa a matsayin kiɗan da ba ta da kyau kuma ya hana a buga su. [1] [2] Ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka a cikin 1933, ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a 1941.
Arnold Schoenberg | |
---|---|
Rayuwa | |
Cikakken suna | Arnold Franz Walter Schönberg |
Haihuwa | Vienna, 13 Satumba 1874 |
ƙasa |
Austriya Tarayyar Amurka Austria-Hungary (en) Jamus |
Mutuwa | Los Angeles, 13 ga Yuli, 1951 |
Makwanci | Vienna Central Cemetery (en) |
Yanayin mutuwa | Sababi na ainihi (Ciwon zuciya) |
Ƴan uwa | |
Mahaifi | Samuel Schönberg |
Abokiyar zama |
Mathilde Zemlinsky (en) (Oktoba 1901 - Gertrud Schoenberg (en) (ga Augusta, 1924 - |
Yara | |
Karatu | |
Harsuna |
Turanci Jamusanci |
Malamai | Alexander von Zemlinsky (en) |
Ɗalibai |
view
|
Sana'a | |
Sana'a | classical composer (en) , painter (en) , musicologist (en) , music theorist (en) , marubuci, conductor (en) , mai rubuta kiɗa, music teacher (en) da Masu kirkira |
Wurin aiki | Berlin |
Employers | Prussian Academy of Arts (en) |
Muhimman ayyuka |
Erwartung (en) Verklärte Nacht (en) A Survivor from Warsaw (en) |
Mamba | Second Viennese School (en) |
Artistic movement |
20th-century classical music (en) Opera atonality (en) serialism (en) classical music (en) Expressionism (en) twelve-tone technique (en) |
Kayan kida | piano (en) |
IMDb | nm0778167 |
schoenberg.org |
Hanyar Schoenberg, dangane da daidaituwa da ci gaba, ya tsara yawancin tunanin kiɗa na ƙarni na 20. Mawaƙa da yawa daga aƙalla tsararraki uku sun tsawaita tunaninsa a hankali, yayin da wasu kuma suka yi fushi da shi.
An san Schoenberg a farkon aikinsa don tsawaita salon al'ada na Jumhuriyar Brahms da Wagner. Daga baya, sunansa zai zo don bayyana sababbin abubuwa a cikin atonality (ko da yake Schoenberg da kansa ya ƙi wannan kalmar) wanda zai zama mafi girman fasalin kiɗan gargajiya na ƙarni na 20. A cikin 1920s, Schoenberg ya haɓaka fasaha mai sauti goma sha biyu, hanya mai tasiri mai tasiri don sarrafa jerin umarni na duk bayanin kula goma sha biyu a cikin sikelin chromatic. Ya kuma ƙirƙiro kalmar haɓaka bambance-bambance kuma shi ne mawaƙin zamani na farko da ya rungumi hanyoyin haɓaka motif ba tare da yin amfani da rinjayen ra'ayin waƙa ba.
Schoenberg kuma ya kasance ƙwararren malami na abun ciki; dalibansa sun hada da Alban Berg, Anton Webern, Hanns Eisler, Egon Wellesz, Nikos Skalkottas da John Cage, Lou Harrison, Earl Kim, Robert Gerhard, Leon Kirchner, Dika Newlin, Oscar Levant, da sauran fitattun mawakan. Yawancin ayyukan Schoenberg, gami da tsara tsarin tsarawa da kuma al'adarsa na kiran masu sauraro a fili don yin tunani ta nazari, ana yin su a cikin tunanin kiɗan avant-garde a cikin ƙarni na 20. Yawancin ra'ayoyinsa na polemical game da tarihin kiɗa da kayan ado sun kasance mahimmanci ga yawancin masana kimiyya na karni na 20 da masu sukar, ciki har da Theodor W. Adorno, Charles Rosen, da Carl Dahlhaus, da kuma 'yan pianists Artur Schnabel, Rudolf Serkin, Eduard Steuermann, da Glenn Gould.
An tattara tarihin Schoenberg a Cibiyar Arnold Schönberg a Vienna.