Wilhelm Wundt
German founder of psychology (1832–1920) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (/wʊnt/; German: [vʊnt]; 16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physiologist, philosopher, and professor, one of the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt, who distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist.[1]
Wilhelm Wundt | |
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Born | Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (1832-08-16)16 August 1832 |
Died | 31 August 1920(1920-08-31) (aged 88) Großbothen, Saxony, Germany |
Education | University of Heidelberg (MD, 1856) |
Known for | Experimental psychology Cultural psychology Apperception |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Experimental psychology, Cultural psychology, philosophy, physiology |
Institutions | University of Leipzig |
Thesis | Untersuchungen über das Verhalten der Nerven in entzündeten und degenerierten Organen (Research of the Behaviour of Nerves in Inflamed and Degenerated Organs) (1856) |
Doctoral advisor | Karl Ewald Hasse |
Other academic advisors | Hermann von Helmholtz Johannes Peter Müller |
Doctoral students | James McKeen Cattell, G. Stanley Hall, Oswald Külpe, Hugo Münsterberg, Ljubomir Nedić, Walter Dill Scott, George M. Stratton, Edward B. Titchener, Lightner Witmer |
He is widely regarded as the "father of experimental psychology".[2][3] In 1879, at the University of Leipzig, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research. This marked psychology as an independent field of study.[4]
He also established the first academic journal for psychological research, Philosophische Studien (from 1883 to 1903), followed by Psychologische Studien (from 1905 to 1917), to publish the institute's research.[5]
A survey published in American Psychologist in 1991 ranked Wundt's reputation as first for "all-time eminence", based on ratings provided by 29 American historians of psychology. William James and Sigmund Freud were ranked a distant second and third.[6]