User:Jerome501/Sweden
constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sweedin (Swedish: Sverige [ˈsværjɛ] ⓘ), fomully da Kangdum'a'Sweedin (Sweedish: Konungariket Sverigeⓘ), idda Scanninavian Nodik cunchry in Noadun Yurrup. It bodas Noway to da wess and noaf n'Finlin to da eass, n'iz kunniktid to Dinmák inna southwess bá a britch-tunnel cross da Öresund, a strait at da Sweedish-Daynish boda. At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweedin idda lágest cunchry in Noadun Yurrup, da thurd-lágest cunchry inna Yurrupean Yoonyin anna fiff lágest cunchry in Yurrup bá airia. Sweedin haz a total popyalaishion of 10.2 meeun[3]'a'hwich 2.4 meeun haz a foan bakran.[12] It haz a low popyalaishion dinsidy of 22 inhabitants per square kilometre (57/sq mi). Da háest konsintryshion is inna suthun haff a'da cunchry.
Kangdum a Sweedin | |
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Motto: (role) "För Sverige – i tiden"[a] "Fa Sweedin – Widda Táms"[1] | |
Anthem: Du gamla, Du fria[b] Ya ainshen, ya free | |
Capital and largest city | Stockhome 59°21′N 18°4′E |
Official languages | Sweedish[c] Uffishial mánoaty lang-widges:[c] Finnish Meänkieli Sammy Jipsy Yiddish |
Ethnic groups | No'uffishial stuttistiks [d] |
Demonym(s) | |
Government | Yoonatairy párlaminnery konstatutional monáky |
• Monák | Kárl XVI Gustaf |
Andreas Norlén | |
Stefan Löfven | |
Legislature | Riksdag |
Hissury | |
• A yoonified Sweedish kangdum astablished | Bá da urly 12th sinchery |
• Part'a'Kalmá Yoonyin | 1397–1523 |
• Part'a'Sweedish-Noweejian Yoonyin | 4 No-vemba 1814 – Awgist− 1905[2] |
• Joaned da Yurropeein Yoonyin | 1 Janyuiry 1995 |
Area | |
• Total | 450,295 km2 (173,860 sq mi) (55f) |
• Water (%) | 8.7 |
Population | |
• Novimba 2018 census | 10,223,505[3] (90th) |
• Density | 23/km2 (59.6/sq mi) (198th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $567 beeun[4] (36th) |
• Per capita | $54,474[4] (17th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $563 beeun[4] (23rd) |
• Per capita | $54,135[4] (11th) |
Gini (2017) | 28.0[5] low |
HDI (2017) | 0.933[6] very high (7th) |
Currency | Sweedish krona (SEK) |
Time zone | UTC+1 (SYT) |
UTC+2 (SYST) | |
Date format | YYYY-MM-DD |
Driving side | rát[e] |
Calling code | +46 |
ISO 3166 code | SE |
Internet TLD | .se[f] |
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Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen. Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested. Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia. The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers. Today, the sovereign state of Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state, like its neighbour Norway. The capital city is Stockholm, which is also the most populous city in the country. Legislative power is vested in the 349-member unicameral Riksdag. Executive power is exercised by the government chaired by the prime minister. Sweden is a unitary state, currently divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities.
An independent Swedish state emerged during the early 12th century. After the Black Death in the middle of the 14th century killed about a third of the Scandinavian population,[13][14] the Hanseatic League threatened Scandinavia's culture, finances and languages.[dubious – discuss] This led to the forming of the Scandinavian Kalmar Union in 1397,[15] which Sweden left in 1523. When Sweden became involved in the Thirty Years War on the Reformist side, an expansion of its territories began and eventually the Swedish Empire was formed. This became one of the great powers of Europe until the early 18th century. Swedish territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were gradually lost during the 18th and 19th centuries, ending with the annexation of present-day Finland by Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Norway was militarily forced into personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, maintaining an official policy of neutrality in foreign affairs.[16] The union with Norway was peacefully dissolved in 1905. Sweden was formally neutral through both world wars and the Cold War, albeit Sweden has since 2009 openly moved towards cooperation with NATO.
After the end of the Cold War, Sweden joined the European Union (EU) on 1 January 1995, but declined NATO membership, as well as Eurozone (EZ) membership following a referendum. It is also a member of the United Nations, the Nordic Council, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Sweden maintains a Nordic social welfare system that provides universal health care and tertiary education for its citizens. It has the world's eleventh-highest per capita income and ranks highly in numerous metrics of national performance, including quality of life, health, education, protection of civil liberties, economic competitiveness, equality, prosperity and human development.[17][18][19]