Tyramine
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Not to be confused with thyramine.
Tyramine (/ˈtaɪrəmiːn/ TY-rə-meen) (also spelled tyramin), also known under several other names,[note 1] is a naturally occurring trace amine derived from the amino acid tyrosine.[4] Tyramine acts as a catecholamine releasing agent. Notably, it is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier, resulting in only non-psychoactive peripheral sympathomimetic effects following ingestion. A hypertensive crisis can result, however, from ingestion of tyramine-rich foods in conjunction with the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
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Metabolism | CYP2D6, flavin-containing monooxygenase 3, monoamine oxidase A, monoamine oxidase B, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, DBH, others |
Metabolites | 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, dopamine, N-methyltyramine, octopamine |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.106 |
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Formula | C8H11NO |
Molar mass | 137.182 g·mol−1 |
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Density | 1.103 g/cm3 predicted[2] |
Melting point | 164.5 °C (328.1 °F) [3] |
Boiling point | 206 °C (403 °F) at 25 mmHg; 166 °C at 2 mmHg[3] |
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