Treaty of Nerchinsk
1689 border treaty between Russia and Qing China / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Treaty of Nerchinsk?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
The Treaty of Nerchinsk of 1689 was the first treaty between the Tsardom of Russia and the Qing dynasty of China. The Russians gave up the area north of the Amur River as far as the Stanovoy Range and kept the area between the Argun River and Lake Baikal. This border along the Argun River and Stanovoy Range lasted until the Amur Annexation via the Treaty of Aigun in 1858 and the Convention of Peking in 1860. It opened markets for Russian goods in China, and gave Russians access to Chinese supplies and luxuries.
Type | Border treaty |
---|---|
Signed | 27 August 1689 (1689-08-27) |
Location | Nerchinsk |
Expiration | 28 May 1858 (1858-05-28) |
Negotiators | |
Signatories | |
Parties | |
Languages | |
Full text at Wikisource | |
The agreement was signed in Nerchinsk on 27 August 1689.[1] The signatories were Songgotu on behalf of the Kangxi Emperor and Fyodor Golovin on behalf of the Russian tsars Peter I and Ivan V.
The authoritative version was in Latin,[2] with translations into Russian and Manchu, but these versions differed considerably. There was no official Chinese text for another two centuries,[3] but the border markers were inscribed in Chinese along with Manchu, Russian and Latin.[4]
Later, in 1727, the Treaty of Kiakhta fixed what is now the border of Mongolia west of the Argun and opened up the caravan trade. In 1858 (Treaty of Aigun) Russia annexed the land north of the Amur and in 1860 (Treaty of Beijing) took the coast down to Vladivostok. The current border runs along the Argun, Amur and Ussuri rivers.