Technology-critical element
Chemical element critical to modern and emerging technologies / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A technology-critical element (TCE) is a chemical element that is critical to modern and emerging technologies,[1][2][3] resulting in a striking increase in their usage.[1][4][5][6] Similar terms include critical elements,[7] critical materials,[1] critical raw materials,[5][8] energy-critical elements[4] and elements of security.[9]
Many advanced engineering applications, such as clean-energy production, communications and computing, use emergent technologies that utilize numerous chemical elements.[4] In 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) created the Critical Materials Institute (CMI) to address the issue.[10] In 2015, the European COST Action TD1407 created a network of scientists working and interested on TCEs, from an environmental perspective to potential human health threats.[11]
A study estimated losses of 61 metals to help the development of circular economy strategies, showing that usespans of, often scarce, tech-critical metals are short.[12][13]