Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–1835)
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The Syrian Peasant Revolt[1] was an armed uprising of Levantine peasant classes against the rule of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt in 1834–35. The revolt took place in areas of Ottoman Syria, at the time, ruled by the semi-independent ruler of Egypt, who conquered the region from loyal Ottoman forces in 1831.[2]
Syrian Peasant Revolt | |||||||
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Part of the campaigns of Muhammad Ali of Egypt | |||||||
Map of Syria, Lebanon and Palestine, 1889. | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Egypt |
Alawite clans Urban notables of: Nablus Jerusalem Hebron Safed | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Muhammad Ali Ibrahim Pasha Salim Beg |
Qasim al-Ahmad Mas'ud al-Madi Aqil Agha | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
36,000 soldiers |
4,000 Alawite rebels Tens of thousands of irregulars |
The main arena of the revolt evolved in the Damascus Eyalet - Jerusalem,[3] Nablus and Hebron (Palestine or Southern Syria), as well as a major tribal Bedouin rebellion in Al-Karak (Transjordan);[4] other peasant revolts also erupted in Sidon Eyalet - led by Muslims and Druze and encompassing Mount Lebanon,[3] Hauran and Galilee; and a revolt[3] in Aleppo Eyalet - led by Alawites of the Syrian coast. The cause of the revolts was mainly refusal of Syrian peasants to answer conscription and disarmament orders of new Egyptian rulers of the Muhammad Ali dynasty,[3] in line with anti-Egyptian attitudes of local Ottoman loyalists.[5]