Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre
Russian-European launch vehicle programme / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre (also known as Soyuz at CSG or Arianespace Soyuz) was a European Space Agency (ESA) programme for operating Soyuz-ST launch vehicles from Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG), providing medium-size launch capability for Arianespace to complement the light Vega and heavy-lift Ariane 5.[3] The Soyuz vehicle was supplied by the Roscosmos with TsSKB-Progress and NPO Lavochkin, while additional components were supplied by Airbus, Thales Group and RUAG.[1]: 28–30
Function | Medium-class launch vehicle to complement the light Vega and heavy Ariane 5 |
---|---|
Manufacturer | Progress Rocket Space Centre, NPO Lavochkin |
Country of origin | Russia |
Size | |
Height | 46.2 m (152 ft) |
Diameter | 10.3 m (34 ft) |
Mass | 308 t (303 long tons; 340 short tons) |
Stages | 3 |
Capacity | |
Payload to GTO | |
Mass | 3,250 kg (7,170 lb) |
Payload to GEO | |
Mass | 1,440 kg (3,170 lb) |
Payload to SSO | |
Mass | 4,400 kg (9,700 lb)[1]: 43 |
Associated rockets | |
Family | Soyuz-2 (R-7) |
Launch history | |
Status | Temporary Suspended |
Launch sites | Centre Spatial Guyanais |
Total launches | 27 |
Success(es) | 26 |
Failure(s) | 0 |
Partial failure(s) | 1 |
First flight | 21 October 2011 [2] |
Last flight | 10 February 2022 |
Boosters | |
No. boosters | 4 [1]: 21 |
Height | 19.6 m (64 ft) |
Diameter | 2.68 m (8 ft 10 in) |
Empty mass | 3,784 kg (8,342 lb) |
Gross mass | 44,413 kg (97,914 lb) |
Powered by | 1 RD-107A |
Maximum thrust | 838.5 kN (188,500 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 262 seconds |
Burn time | 118 seconds |
Propellant | LOX / kerosene |
Core stage | |
Height | 27.1 m (89 ft) |
Diameter | 2.95 m (9 ft 8 in) |
Empty mass | 6,545 kg (14,429 lb) |
Gross mass | 99,765 kg (219,944 lb) |
Powered by | 1 RD-108A |
Maximum thrust | 792.5 kN (178,200 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 255 seconds |
Burn time | 286 seconds |
Propellant | LOX / kerosene |
Second stage (ST-B) | |
Height | 6.7 m (22 ft) |
Diameter | 2.66 m (8 ft 9 in) |
Empty mass | 2,355 kg (5,192 lb) |
Gross mass | 27,755 kg (61,189 lb) |
Powered by | 1 RD-0124 |
Maximum thrust | 297.9 kN (67,000 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 359 seconds |
Burn time | 270 seconds |
Propellant | LOX / kerosene |
Upper stage – Fregat | |
Height | 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) |
Diameter | 3.35 m (11.0 ft) |
Empty mass | 920 kg (2,030 lb) |
Gross mass | 7,558 kg (16,663 lb) |
Powered by | S5.92 |
Maximum thrust | 19.85 kN (4,460 lbf) / 14 kN (3,100 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 332 seconds |
Burn time | Up to 1100 seconds (up to 20 starts) |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
The Arianespace Soyuz project was announced by the ESA in 2002. Cooperation with Russia began in two areas: construction of a launch site for Soyuz in CSG and development of the Soyuz launch vehicle modified for the Guiana Space Centre. A Programme Declaration was signed in 2003 and funding along with final approval was granted on 4 February 2005.[4][5] Initial excavation for the Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (ELS; Soyuz Launch Complex) began in 2005, construction started in 2007, and the launch complex was completed in early 2011,[6] allowing Arianespace to offer launch services on the modified Soyuz ST-B to its clients.[1][7] Two early flights, VS02 and VS04, and a recent flight, VS17, used the Soyuz ST-A variant.[8][9][10] Since 2011, Arianespace has ordered a total of 23 Soyuz rockets, enough to cover its needs until 2019 at a pace of three to four launches per year.[11][12]: 10 Due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Soyuz launches from the Guiana Space Centre have been suspended.[13]