Sibawayh
Persian grammarian from Basra (c.760–796) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Sibawayh (Arabic: سِيبَوَيْهِي Sībawayhi[3] or Sībawayh; Persian: سِیبُویه Sībūye [siːbuːˈje]; c. 760–796), whose full name is Abu Bishr Amr ibn Uthman ibn Qanbar al-Basri (أَبُو بِشْر عَمْرو بْن عُثْمَان بْن قَنْبَر ٱلْبَصْرِيّ, ’Abū Bishr ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthmān ibn Qanbar al-Baṣrī), was a Persian[4][5] leading grammarian of Basra and author of the earliest book on Arabic grammar. His famous unnamed work, referred to as Al-Kitāb, or "The Book", is a five-volume seminal discussion of the Arabic language.[6]
Sibawayh سيبويه | |
---|---|
Born | c. 760, Shiraz, Persia,[1] Abbasid Caliphate |
Died | c. 796,[2] Shiraz, Persia or Basra, Iraq, Abbasid Caliphate |
Era | Medieval philosophy |
Region | Islamic philosophy |
Main interests | Arabic and Persian |
Ibn Qutaybah, the earliest extant source, in his biographical entry under Sibawayh simply wrote:
He is Amr ibn Uthman, and he was mainly a grammarian. He arrived in Baghdad, fell out with the local grammarians, was humiliated and went back to some town in Persia, and died there while still a young man.[7]
The tenth-century biographers Ibn al-Nadim and Abu Bakr al-Zubaydi, and in the 13th-century Ibn Khallikan, attribute Sibawayh with contributions to the science of the Arabic language and linguistics that were unsurpassed by those of earlier and later times.[8][9] He has been called the greatest of all Arabic linguists and one of the greatest linguists of all time in any language.[10]