Redox gradient
Variation of the redox potential with distance (or depth) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A redox gradient is a series of reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions sorted according to redox potential.[4][5] The redox ladder displays the order in which redox reactions occur based on the free energy gained from redox pairs.[4][5][6] These redox gradients form both spatially and temporally as a result of differences in microbial processes, chemical composition of the environment, and oxidative potential.[5][4] Common environments where redox gradients exist are coastal marshes, lakes, contaminant plumes, and soils.[1][4][5][6]
The Earth has a global redox gradient with an oxidizing environment at the surface and increasingly reducing conditions below the surface.[4] Redox gradients are generally understood at the macro level, but characterization of redox reactions in heterogeneous environments at the micro-scale require further research and more sophisticated measurement techniques.[5][1][7][6]