Prosocial behavior
Intent to benefit others / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Prosocial behavior, or intent to benefit others,[1] is a social behavior that "benefit[s] other people or society as a whole",[2] "such as helping, sharing, donating, co-operating, and volunteering".[3] Obeying the rules and conforming to socially accepted behaviors (such as stopping at a "Stop" sign or paying for groceries) are also regarded as prosocial behaviors.[4] These actions may be motivated by empathy and by concern about the welfare and rights of others,[5] as well as for egoistic or practical concerns, such as one's social status or reputation, hope for direct or indirect reciprocity, or adherence to one's perceived system of fairness.[1] It may also be motivated by altruism, though the existence of pure altruism is somewhat disputed, and some have argued that this falls into philosophical rather than psychological realm of debate.[6] Evidence suggests that pro sociality is central to the well-being of social groups across a range of scales, including schools. Prosocial behavior in the classroom can have a significant impact on a student's motivation for learning and contributions to the classroom and larger community.[7][8] In the workplace, prosocial behaviour can have a significant impact on team psychological safety, as well as positive indirect effects on employee's helping behaviors and task performance.[9] Empathy is a strong motive in eliciting prosocial behavior, and has deep evolutionary roots.[10][11]
Prosocial behavior fosters positive traits that are beneficial for children and society. It helps many beneficial functions by bettering production of any league and its organizational scale.[12] Evolutionary psychologists use theories such as kin-selection theory and inclusive fitness as an explanation for why prosocial behavioral tendencies are passed down generationally, according to the evolutionary fitness displayed by those who engaged in prosocial acts.[13] Encouraging prosocial behavior may also require decreasing or eliminating undesirable social behaviors.[8]
Although the term "prosocial behavior" is often associated with developing desirable traits in children,[14][15] the literature on the topic has grown since the late 1980s to include adult behaviors as well.[16] The term "prosocial" has grown into a world-wide movement,[17][18] using evolutionary science[19] to create real-world pro-social changes from working groups[20] to our whole culture.[21]