Nanotechnology for water purification
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There are many water purifiers available in the market which use different techniques like boiling, filtration, distillation, chlorination, sedimentation and oxidation. Currently nanotechnology plays a vital role in water purification techniques. Nanotechnology is the process of manipulating atoms on a nanoscale.[1] In nanotechnology, nanomembranes are used with the purpose of softening the water and removal of contaminants such as physical, biological and chemical contaminants. There are variety of techniques in nanotechnology which uses nanoparticles for providing safe drinking water with a high level of effectiveness. Some techniques have become commercialized.
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For better water purification or treatment processes nanotechnology is preferred. Many different types of nanomaterials or nanoparticles are used in water treatment processes. Nanotechnology is useful in regards to remediation, desalination, filtration, purification and water treatment.
The main features that make nanoparticles effective for water treatment are
- More surface area
- Small volume
- The higher the surface area and volume, the particles become stronger, more stable and durable
- Materials may change electrical, optical, physical, chemical, or biological properties at the nano level
- Makes chemical and biological reactions easier
Current commercial water purifiers using nanotechnology include the LifeSaver bottle, Lifesaver Jerrycan, Lifesaver Cube, Nanoceram, and NanoH2O.