Misoprostol
Medication to induce abortion and treat ulcers / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin medication used to prevent and treat stomach and duodenal ulcers, induce labor, cause an abortion, and treat postpartum bleeding due to poor contraction of the uterus.[10][11] It is taken by mouth when used to prevent gastric ulcers in people taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).[11] For abortions it is used by itself or in conjunction with mifepristone or methotrexate.[12] By itself, effectiveness for abortion is between 66% and 90%.[13][14] For labor induction or abortion, it is taken by mouth, dissolved in the mouth, or placed in the vagina.[12][15][16][17][18] For postpartum bleeding it may also be used rectally.[19]
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Trade names | Cytotec, Misodel, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a689009 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, rectal vaginal, under the tongue |
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Bioavailability | extensively absorbed |
Protein binding | 80–90% (active metabolite, misoprostol acid) |
Metabolism | Liver (extensive to misoprostic acid) |
Elimination half-life | 20–40 minutes |
Excretion | Urine (80%) |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.190.521 |
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Formula | C22H38O5 |
Molar mass | 382.541 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects include diarrhea and abdominal pain.[11] It is in pregnancy category X, meaning that it is known to result in negative outcomes for the fetus if taken during pregnancy.[11] In rare cases, uterine rupture may occur.[11] It is a prostaglandin analogue—specifically, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 (PGE1).[11]
Misoprostol was developed in 1973.[20] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[21] It is available as a generic medication.[11]