Magnesium chloride
Inorganic salt: MgCl2 and its hydrates / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Magnesium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula MgCl2. It forms hydrates MgCl2·nH2O, where n can range from 1 to 12. These salts are colorless or white solids that are highly soluble in water. These compounds and their solutions, both of which occur in nature, have a variety of practical uses. Anhydrous magnesium chloride is the principal precursor to magnesium metal, which is produced on a large scale. Hydrated magnesium chloride is the form most readily available.[2]
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.176 |
EC Number |
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E number | E511 (acidity regulators, ...) |
9305 | |
PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
MgCl2 | |
Molar mass | 95.211 g/mol (anhydrous) 203.31 g/mol (hexahydrate) |
Appearance | white or colourless crystalline solid |
Density | 2.32 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 1.569 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) |
Melting point | 714 °C (1,317 °F; 987 K) anhydrous 117 °C (243 °F; 390 K) hexahydrate on rapid heating; slow heating leads to decomposition from 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) |
Boiling point | 1,412 °C (2,574 °F; 1,685 K) |
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Solubility | slightly soluble in acetone, pyridine |
Solubility in ethanol | 7.4 g/(100 mL) (30 °C) |
−47.4·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.675 (anhydrous) 1.569 (hexahydrate) |
Structure | |
CdCl2 | |
(octahedral, 6-coordinate) | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
71.09 J/(mol·K) |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
89.88 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−641.1 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−591.6 kJ/mol |
Pharmacology | |
A12CC01 (WHO) B05XA11 (WHO) | |
Hazards[1] | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Irritant |
GHS labelling: | |
Warning | |
H319, H335 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | Non-flammable |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
2800 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0764 |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
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Other cations |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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