List of schemes of the government of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Government of India has social welfare and social security schemes for India's citizens funded either by the central government, state government or concurrently. Schemes which are fully funded by the central government are referred to as "central sector schemes" (CS) while schemes mainly funded by the centre and implemented by the states are "centrally sponsored schemes" (CSS).[1] In the 2022 Union budget of India, there are 740 central sector (CS) schemes.[2][3] and 65 (+/-7) centrally sponsored schemes (CSS).[4]
From 131 CSSs in February 2021, the union government aimed to restructure/revamp/rationalise these by the next year.[5] In 2022 CSS's numbered 65 with a combined funding of ₹442,781 crore (equivalent to ₹5.0 trillion or US$60 billion in 2023).[6] In 2022, there were 157 CSs and CSSs with individual funding of over ₹500 crore (equivalent to ₹561 crore or US$67 million in 2023) each.[7] Central sector scheme actual spending in 2017-18 was ₹587,785 crore (equivalent to ₹6.6 trillion or US$79 billion in 2023),[8] in 2019-20 it was ₹757,091 crore (equivalent to ₹8.5 trillion or US$100 billion in 2023) while the budgeted amount for 2021-22 is ₹1,051,703 crore (equivalent to ₹12 trillion or US$140 billion in 2023).[9] Schemes can also be categorised as flagship schemes.[10] 10 flagship schemes were allocated ₹1.5 lakh crore (equivalent to ₹1.7 trillion or US$20 billion in 2023) in the 2021 Union budget of India.[10] The subsidy for kerosene, started in the 1950s, was slowly decreased since 2009 and eliminated in 2022.[11][12][13]
Implementation of government schemes varies between schemes, location, and depends on factors such as evaluation process, awareness, accessibility, acceptability and capability for last mile implementation.[14] Government bodies undertaking evaluations and audits include NITI Aayog,[15] Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation,[16] and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.[17]