Je–Tupi–Carib languages
Proposed language family of South America / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Je–Tupi–Carib (or TuKaJê[1]) is a proposed language family composed of the Macro-Je (or Macro-Gê), Tupian and Cariban languages of South America. Aryon Rodrigues (2000) based this proposal on shared morphological patterns.[2][3] In an earlier proposal, Rodrigues (1985) had also proposed a Tupí-Cariban language family.[4]
Je–Tupi–Carib | |
---|---|
(proposed) | |
Geographic distribution | eastern South America, Caribbean |
Linguistic classification | Proposed language family |
Subdivisions | |
Glottolog | None |
The Je-Tupi-Carib proposal replaces earlier long-range hypotheses, e.g. Greenberg's phyla "Jê-Pano-Carib" (linking Macro-Je and Cariban to Panoan) and "Tupi-Arawak" (linking Tupian to Arawakan),[5] or Mason's "Macro-Tupí-Guaranían" family (1950: 236–238) which groups Tupian together with Bora–Witoto and Zaparoan.[6]
However, in some cases, similarities among the language families are clearly due to more recent linguistic diffusion, as with Tupian and Jê languages (Timbira; Guajajara, Tembe, Guaja, Urubu-Ka'apor, etc.) in the lower Tocantins-Mearim area.[7] Linguistic diffusion among Jê, Tupian, Cariban, Arawakan, and Trumai languages is also evident among the languages of the Xingu Indigenous Park.[8]