Gallic acid
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C6H2(OH)3CO2H. It is classified as a phenolic acid. It is found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants.[1] It is a white solid, although samples are typically brown owing to partial oxidation. Salts and esters of gallic acid are termed "gallates".
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid | |||
Other names
Gallic acid | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.228 | ||
EC Number |
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KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |||
C7H6O5 | |||
Molar mass | 170.12 g/mol | ||
Appearance | White, yellowish-white, or pale fawn-colored crystals. | ||
Density | 1.694 g/cm3 (anhydrous) | ||
Melting point | 260 °C (500 °F; 533 K) | ||
1.19 g/100 mL, 20°C (anhydrous) 1.5 g/100 mL, 20 °C (monohydrate) | |||
Solubility | soluble in alcohol, ether, glycerol, acetone negligible in benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether | ||
log P | 0.70 | ||
Acidity (pKa) | COOH: 4.5, OH: 10. | ||
-90.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards |
Irritant | ||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
5000 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related |
phenols, carboxylic acids | ||
Related compounds |
Benzoic acid, Phenol, Pyrogallol | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Its name is derived from oak galls, which were historically used to prepare tannic acid. Despite the name, gallic acid does not contain gallium.