Dicamba
Chemical compound used as herbicide / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) is a selective systemic herbicide first registered in 1967.[4] Brand names for formulations of this herbicide include Dianat, Banvel, Diablo, Oracle and Vanquish. This chemical compound is a chlorinated derivative of o-anisic acid.[5] It has been described as a "widely used, low-cost, environmentally friendly herbicide that does not persist in soils and shows little or no toxicity to wildlife and humans."[6]
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid | |
Other names
3,6-Dichloro-o-anisic acid Dianat | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.016.033 |
KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C8H6Cl2O3 | |
Molar mass | 221.03 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White crystalline solid |
Density | 1.57 |
Melting point | 114 to 116 °C (237 to 241 °F; 387 to 389 K) |
"low"[2] | |
Solubility in acetone | 810 g/L |
Solubility in ethanol | 922 g/L |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling:[3] | |
Danger | |
H302, H318, H412 | |
P273, P280, P305+P351+P338 | |
Flash point | 199 °C (390 °F; 472 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Despite its success in improving crop yields, dicamba has attracted controversy. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), dicamba's primary ecological risk is for non-target terrestrial plants from exposure through spray drift, whereby dicamba inadvertently migrates to non-targeted neighboring areas, damaging those plants.[7][8]
In 2016, dicamba was approved for use in the United States over GMO dicamba-resistant crops created by Monsanto. Dicamba came under significant scrutiny due to its tendency to spread from treated fields into neighboring fields, causing damage.[9] The controversy led to litigation, state bans and additional restrictions over dicamba use.