Dapagliflozin
Diabetes medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Dapagliflozin, sold under the brand names Farxiga (US) and Forxiga (EU) among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes.[6][7][9] It is also used to treat adults with heart failure and chronic kidney disease.[10][11][7] It reversibly inhibits sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) in the renal proximal convoluted tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion.[12]
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Pronunciation | /ˌdæpəɡlɪˈfloʊzɪn/ DAP-ə-glif-LOH-zin | ||
Trade names | Forxiga, Farxiga, others | ||
Other names | BMS-512148; (1S)-1,5-anhydro-1-C-{4-chloro-3-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]phenyl}-D-glucitol | ||
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph | ||
MedlinePlus | a614015 | ||
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Routes of administration | By mouth | ||
Drug class | Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor | ||
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Bioavailability | 78% (after 10 mg dose) | ||
Protein binding | ~91% | ||
Metabolism | UGT1A9 (major), CYP (minor) | ||
Metabolites | Dapagliflozin 3-O-glucuronide (inactive) | ||
Elimination half-life | ~12.9 hours | ||
Excretion | Urine (75%), feces (21%)[6] | ||
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.167.331 | ||
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Formula | C21H25ClO6 | ||
Molar mass | 408.88 g·mol−1 | ||
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Common side effects include hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar), urinary tract infections, genital infections, and volume depletion (reduced amount of water in the body).[13] Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common side effect in people with type 1 diabetes.[14] Serious but rare side effects include Fournier gangrene.[15]
It was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb in partnership with AstraZeneca. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[16] In 2021, it was the 187th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[17][18] Dapagliflozin is available as a generic medication.