Choline
Chemical compound and essential nutrient / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Not to be confused with chlorine.
Choline (/ˈkoʊliːn/ KOH-leen)[4] is an essential nutrient for humans and many other animals, which was formerly classified as a B vitamin (vitamin B4).[5][6] It is a structural part of phospholipids and a methyl donor in metabolic one-carbon chemistry. The compound is related to trimethylglycine in the latter respect. It is a cation with the chemical formula [(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+. Choline forms various salts, for example choline chloride and choline bitartrate.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Names | |
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IUPAC name
2-Hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium[1] | |
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium | |
Other names
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Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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1736748 | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider |
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DrugBank |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.487 |
EC Number |
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324597 | |
KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
[(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+ | |
Molar mass | 104.173 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Viscous colorless deliquescent liquid (choline hydroxide)[2] |
Very soluble (choline hydroxide)[2] | |
Solubility | soluble in ethanol,[2] insoluble in diethylether and chloroform[3] (choline hydroxide) |
Structure | |
Tetrahedral at the nitrogen atom | |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Corrosive |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H314 | |
P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
3–6 g/kg (rat, oral)[2] |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | 4 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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