Bongkrek acid
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Bongkrek acid (also known as bongkrekic acid[1]) is a respiratory toxin produced in fermented coconut or corn contaminated by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans.[2][3][4] It is a highly toxic, heat-stable, colorless, odorless, and highly unsaturated tricarboxylic acid that inhibits the ADP/ATP translocase, also called the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier, preventing ATP from leaving the mitochondria to provide metabolic energy to the rest of the cell.[4][5] Bongkrek acid, when consumed through contaminated foods, mainly targets the liver, brain, and kidneys along with symptoms that include vomiting, diarrhea, urinary retention, abdominal pain, and excessive sweating.[4] Most of the outbreaks are found in Indonesia and China where fermented coconut and corn-based foods are consumed.
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Preferred IUPAC name
(2E,4Z,6R,8Z,10E,14E,17S,18E,20Z)-20-(Carboxymethyl)-6-methoxy-2,5,17-trimethyldocosa-2,4,8,10,14,18,20-heptaenedioic acid | |
Other names
Bongkrekic acid Bongkrekik acid | |
Identifiers | |
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ChemSpider | |
MeSH | Bongkrekic+acid |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C28H38O7 | |
Molar mass | 486.605 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Odorless and colorless |
Melting point | 50 to 60 °C (122 to 140 °F; 323 to 333 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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