Bastide
Medieval fortified towns in France, England, and Wales / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Bastide (disambiguation).
Bastides are fortified[1] new towns built in medieval Languedoc, Gascony, Aquitaine, England and Wales[2][3] during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, although some authorities count Mont-de-Marsan and Montauban, which was founded in 1144,[4] as the first bastides.[5]
Some of the first bastides were built under Raymond VII of Toulouse to replace villages destroyed in the Albigensian Crusade. He encouraged the construction of others to colonize the wilderness, especially of southwest France. Almost 700 bastides were built between 1222 (Cordes-sur-Ciel, Tarn) and 1372 (La Bastide d'Anjou, Tarn).[6]