Acid–base extraction
Separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds.[1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds[2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities. A separatory funnel is commonly used to perform an acid-base extraction.[3]
Acid-base extraction utilizes the difference in solubility of a compound in its acid or base form to induce separation.[4] Typically, the desired compound is changed into its charged acid or base form, causing it to become soluble in aqueous solution and thus be extracted from the non-aqueous (organic) layer.[5] Acid-base extraction is a simple alternative to more complex methods like chromatography. It is not possible to separate chemically similar acids or bases using this simple method.[6]