Acetone cyanohydrin
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Acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) is an organic compound used in the production of methyl methacrylate, the monomer of the transparent plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also known as acrylic. It liberates hydrogen cyanide easily, so it is used as a source of such. For this reason, this cyanohydrin is also highly toxic.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile[1] | |||
Other names | |||
Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) |
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3DMet | |||
605391 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider |
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DrugBank |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.828 | ||
EC Number |
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KEGG |
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MeSH | acetone+cyanohydrin | ||
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 1541 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |||
C4H7NO | |||
Molar mass | 85.106 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colourless liquid | ||
Density | 932 mg·mL−1 | ||
Melting point | −21.2 °C; −6.3 °F; 251.9 K | ||
Boiling point | 95 °C; 203 °F; 368 K | ||
Vapor pressure | 2 kPa (at 20 °C) | ||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.399 | ||
Thermochemistry | |||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−121.7 to −120.1 kJ·mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−2.4514 to −2.4498 MJ·mol−1 | ||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
Danger | |||
H300, H310, H330, H410 | |||
P260, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | 75 °C (167 °F; 348 K) | ||
Explosive limits | 2.25–11% | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
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NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
None[2] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
C 1 ppm (4 mg·m−3) [15-minute][2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
N.D.[2] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | fishersci.com | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related alkanenitriles |
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Related compounds |
DBNPA | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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