1975 Panjshir Valley uprising
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The 1975 Panjshir Valley uprising was an Islamist uprising led by Jamiat-e Islami against the government of Daoud Khan, and was the first ever ISI operation that took place in Afghanistan.[9][7] It was in "retaliation to Republic of Afghanistan’s proxy war and support to the militants against Pakistan".[8][10]
1975 Panjshir Valley uprising | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Republic of Afghanistan | |||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Mohammad Daoud Khan Abdul Karim Mustaghni Faiz Mohammed |
Burhanuddin Rabbani | ||||||
Units involved | |||||||
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Strength | |||||||
Unknown | 5,000+ | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown but very light | Unknown |
The Republic of Afghanistan support to anti-Pakistani militants had forced then-Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Naseerullah Khan Babar, then-Inspector General of the Frontier Corps in NWFP (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), to adopt a more aggressive approach towards Afghanistan. As a result, ISI, under the command of Major General Ghulam Jilani Khan set up a 5,000-strong Afghan guerrilla troop, which would include influential future leaders like Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, Burhanuddin Rabbani and Ahmad Shah Massoud,[11] to target the Afghan government, the first large operation, in 1975, being the sponsoring of an armed rebellion in the Panjshir valley.[12] The 1975 rebellion, though unsuccessful, shook Daoud Khan and made him realize that a friendly Pakistan was in his best interests.[12][3] He started improving relations with Pakistan and made state visits there in 1976 and 1978. During the 1978 visit, he agreed to stop supporting anti-Pakistan militants and to expel any remaining militants in Afghanistan to the dismay of the Khalqists who would overthrow Daoud that same year in the Saur Revolution.[4]