사용자:인천직전/연습장: 프로호로프카 전투
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프로호로프카 전투는 1943년 7월 12일,[lower-alpha 1] 제2차 세계 대전 당시 소련 쿠르스크 남동쪽 87km 떨어진 프로호로프카에서 벌어진 전투이다. 동부 전선의 일환으로, 이 전투는 더 큰 전투인 쿠르스크 전투의 일부였다. 소련군의 제5근위전차대가 독일 국방군의 제2SS기갑군단을 공격하면서 벌어진 이 전투는 군 역사 상 가장 규모가 큰 전차전으로 불리게 된다.[lower-alpha 11]
프로호로프카 전투 | |||||||
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쿠르스크 전투의 일부 | |||||||
러시아 내 프로호로프카의 위치 | |||||||
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교전국 | |||||||
나치 독일 | 소련 | ||||||
지휘관 | |||||||
오토 데슬로흐 |
니콜라이 바투틴 블라디미르 수데츠 | ||||||
군대 | |||||||
제5근위전차군[lower-alpha 2]
다른 부대
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병력 | |||||||
독일군 |
소련군 | ||||||
피해 규모 | |||||||
독일군 (1943.7.12)
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소련군 (1943.7.12)
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1943년 4월, 독일 최고사령부는 성채 작전을 준비하기 시작하였고, 쿠르스크 the German high command began preparing for Operation Citadel, with the objective of enveloping and destroying the Soviet forces in the Kursk salient, by attacking and breaking through the base of the salient from north and south simultaneously. The German offensive was delayed several times due to the vacillation of the leadership and the addition of more forces and new equipment. The Soviet high command, Stavka, had learned of the German intentions, and therefore used the delay to prepare a series of defensive belts along the routes of the planned German offensive. The Soviet leadership also massed several armies deep behind their defences as the Stavka Reserve. This army group, the Steppe Front, was to launch counteroffensives once the German strength had dissipated. The 5th Guards Tank Army was the primary armoured formation of the Steppe Front.
On 5 July 1943 the Wehrmacht launched its offensive. On the northern side of the salient, the German forces bogged down within four days. On the southern side, the German 4th Panzer Army, with Army Detachment Kempf on its eastern flank, attacked the Soviet defences of the Voronezh Front. They made slow but steady progress through the Soviet defensive lines.
After a week of fighting, the Soviets launched their counteroffensives, Operation Kutuzov in the northern side and a coinciding one in the southern side. On the southern side of the salient near Prokhorovka, the 5th Guards Tank Army engaged the II SS-Panzer Corps of the 4th Panzer Army, resulting in a large clash of armour. The 5th Guards Tank Army suffered significant losses in the attack, but succeeded in preventing the Wehrmacht from capturing Prokhorovka and breaking through the third defensive belt – the last heavily fortified one. The German high command, unable to accomplish its objective, cancelled Operation Citadel and began redeploying its forces to deal with new pressing developments elsewhere.
The Red Army went on a general offensive, conducting Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev in the southern side and continuing Operation Kutuzov in the northern side. The Soviet Union thus seized the strategic initiative on the Eastern Front, which it was to hold for the rest of the war.