Tarihin Ƙasar Indiya
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bisa ga kidaya a cikin kwayoyin halitta na zamani, mutanen zamani na zamani sun fara zuwa yankin Indiya daga Afirka tsakanin shekaru 73,000 zuwa 55,000 da suka wuce.[1]. The Making of Pakistan. London: Faber and Faber. p. 74. OCLC 1462689. A wurin Mehrgarh, ana iya rubuta kasancewarsa, tare da shaidar alkama da sha'ir, wanda na awaki, tumaki, da shanu ke biye da shi cikin sauri [2]. The Nation. On the same dates [4 and 5 March 1947], Muslim League-led mobs fell with determination and full preparations on the helpless Hindus and Sikhs scattered in the villages of Multan, Rawalpindi, Campbellpur, Jhelum and Sargodha. The murderous mobs were well supplied with arms, such as daggers, swords, spears and fire-arms. [3] </ref>. A shekara ta 4500 KZ, irin wannan zaman rayuwar ya ƙara yaɗuwa, kuma ya fara canzawa a hankali zuwa cikin wayewar kwarin Indus, wanda ya yi zamani da Tsohuwar Masar da Mesofotamiya [4]. Wannan wayewar ta bunƙasa tsakanin 2500 KZ da 1900 KZ a Pakistan ta yau da kuma arewa maso yammacin Indiya, kuma an lura da ita don tsara birane, gidajen bulo da aka toya, magudanar ruwa, da samar da ruwa [5]. A farkon karni na biyu KZ, fari da ya ci tura ya sa al'ummar kwarin Indus suka watse daga manyan birane zuwa kauyuka. Kusan lokaci guda, kabilun Indo-Aryan sun ƙaura zuwa Punjab daga tsakiyar Asiya a cikin raƙuman ƙaura da yawa[6]. Lokacin Vedic (1500-500 KZ) an yi masa alama ta tarin tarin waƙoƙin da ake kira Vedas. Tsarin su na varna, wanda ya samo asali zuwa tsarin ƙabila, ya ƙunshi jerin manyan firistoci, mayaka, manoma masu 'yanci, da bayi. Makiyaya da makiyaya Indo-Aryan sun bazu daga Punjab zuwa cikin filin Gangetic, babban yankin da suke sare dazuzzuka don noma. Haɗin rubutun Vedic ya ƙare a kusan 600 KZ, lokacin da sabon al'adun yanki ya taso. Sannan, an haɗa ƙananan sarakuna (janapadas) zuwa manyan jahohi (mahajanapadas)[7].
Tarihin Ƙasar Indiya | |
---|---|
aspect of history (en) | |
Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na | history of Asia (en) |
Karatun ta | Indology (en) |
Facet of (en) | Indiya |