FKM
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FKM is a family of fluorocarbon-based fluoroelastomer materials defined by ASTM International standard D1418,[1] and ISO standard 1629.[2] It is commonly called fluorine rubber or fluoro-rubber. FKM is an abbreviation of Fluorine Kautschuk Material.[3] All FKMs contain vinylidene fluoride as the common monomer, to which different other monomers are added for specific types and functionalities, fitting the desired application.
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Originally developed by DuPont (under the brand name Viton, now owned by Chemours), FKMs are today also produced by many other companies, including: Daikin (Dai-El),[4] 3M (Dyneon),[5] Solvay S.A. (Tecnoflon),[6] HaloPolymer (Elaftor),[7] Gujarat Fluorochemicals (Fluonox),[8] and several Chinese manufacturers. Fluoroelastomers are more expensive than neoprene or nitrile rubber elastomers. They provide additional heat and chemical resistance.[9] FKMs can be divided into different classes on the basis of either their chemical composition, their fluorine content, or their cross-linking mechanism.