Titanium tetrachloride
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Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula TiCl4. It is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and the pigment titanium dioxide. TiCl4 is a volatile liquid. Upon contact with humid air, it forms thick clouds of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrochloric acid, a reaction that was formerly exploited for use in smoke machines. It is sometimes referred to as "tickle" or "tickle 4", as a phonetic representation of the symbols of its molecular formula (TiCl4).[7][8]
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Titanium(IV) chloride | |
Other names
Titanium tetrachloride Tetrachlorotitanium | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.584 |
EC Number |
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MeSH | Titanium+tetrachloride |
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
UN number | 1838 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
TiCl4 | |
Molar mass | 189.679 g/mol |
Appearance | Colourless liquid |
Odor | penetrating acid odor |
Density | 1.726 g/cm3 |
Melting point | −24.1 °C (−11.4 °F; 249.1 K) |
Boiling point | 136.4 °C (277.5 °F; 409.5 K) |
reacts (exothermic hydrolysis)[1] | |
Solubility | soluble in dichloromethane,[2] toluene,[3] pentane[4] |
Vapor pressure | 1.3 kPa (20 °C) |
−54.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.61 (10.5 °C) |
Viscosity | 827 μPa s |
Structure | |
Tetragonal | |
Tetrahedral | |
0 D | |
Thermochemistry | |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
355 J·mol−1·K−1[5] |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−763 kJ·mol−1[5] |
Hazards[6] | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Toxic, corrosive, reacts with water to release HCl |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H314, H317, H330, H335, H370, H372 | |
P280, P301+P330+P331, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P310 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | MSDS |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Titanium(IV) bromide Titanium(IV) fluoride Titanium(IV) iodide |
Other cations |
Hafnium(IV) chloride Zirconium(IV) chloride |
Related compounds |
Titanium(II) chloride Titanium(III) chloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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