Ruthenia
Medieval exonym for Rus' / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ruthenia[lower-alpha 1] is an exonym, originally used in Medieval Latin, as one of several terms for Kievan Rus'.[1] It is also used to refer to the East Slavic and Eastern Orthodox regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland, and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, corresponding to the territories of modern Belarus, Ukraine, and West European Russia.[2][3][4][5] Historically, the term was used to refer to all the territories of the East Slavs.[6][7]
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria (1772–1918), corresponding to parts of Western Ukraine, was referred to as Ruthenia and its people as Ruthenians.[4] As a result of a Ukrainian national identity gradually dominating over much of present-day Ukraine in the 19th and 20th centuries, the endonym Rusyn is now mostly used among a minority of peoples on the territory of the Carpathian Mountains, including Carpathian Ruthenia.[8]