Panjshir offensives (Soviet–Afghan War)
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The Panjshir offensives (Russian: Панджшерские операции – Panjsher Operations) were a series of battles from 1980 to 1985 between the Soviet Army, the Afghan Armed Forces and groups of Afghan mujahideen under Ahmad Shah Massoud. The goal of these offensives was control of the strategic Panjshir Valley in Afghanistan, during the Soviet–Afghan War of the 1980s.
Panjshir offensives | |||||||
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Part of the Soviet–Afghan War | |||||||
Map of the Panjshir Valley | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Soviet Union Democratic Republic of Afghanistan |
Supported by | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Leonid Brezhnev Konstantin Chernenko Leonid Khabarov (WIA) Sergei Sokolov Norat Ter-Grigoryants Ruslan Aushev Babrak Karmal | Ahmad Shah Massoud | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
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Casualties and losses | |||||||
Heavy casualties | Minimal casualties |
These battles saw some of the most violent fighting of the whole war. During the nine campaigns launched, coordinated Soviet assaults would regularly drive out the mujahideen from the valley, but they would return as soon as the Soviets left.