Karnats of Mithila
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The Karnats of Mithila[3] or Karnata dynasty (Karṇāṭa) was a dynasty established in 1097 CE by Nanyadeva. The dynasty had its main stronghold in the citadel of Simraungadh which was situated on the Bihar-Nepal border with excavations showing that parts of the fort were situated in what is now Indian territory while the rest falls within what is now Nepalese territory.[4] The city of Darbhanga also became the second capital during the reign of Gangadeva.[5] The kingdom controlled the areas we today know as Tirhut or Mithila in the Bihar state of India and Nepal.[6][7]
Karnatas of Mithila Karnata dynasty | |||||||||||
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1097 CE–1324 CE | |||||||||||
Shatkona seal from the Karnat capital of Simraungadh
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Capital |
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Common languages | Sanskrit, Maithili | ||||||||||
Religion | Hinduism | ||||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||
Historical era | Medieval India | ||||||||||
• Established | 1097 CE | ||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1324 CE | ||||||||||
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According to French orientalist and indologist Sylvain Lévi, Nanyadeva established his supremacy over Simraungadh probably with the help of the Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI.[8][9][10] After the reign of Vikramaditya VI in 1076 CE, he led a successful military campaign against the Pala Empire and the Sena dynasty.[11][12] During the reign of Harisimhadeva, the Karnats also carried out raids into Nepal with the Karnat army under the leadership of the general and minister, Caṇḍeśvara Ṭhakkura.[13]
Under the Karnats, Mithila enjoyed almost full sovereignty from 1097 until 1324.[14] The Karnat kings referred to themselves with the title of Mithileśwara[15] and the first recorded piece of Maithili literature, the Varna Ratnakara was also composed during their rule.[16]