History of the People's Republic of China (1976–1989)
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The time period in China from the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 until the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre is often known as Dengist China. In September 1976, after Chairman Mao Zedong's death, the People's Republic of China was left with no central authority figure, either symbolically or administratively.[3] The Gang of Four was purged, but new Chairman Hua Guofeng insisted on continuing Maoist policies. After a bloodless power struggle, Deng Xiaoping came to the helm to reform the Chinese economy and government institutions in their entirety. Deng, however, was conservative with regard to wide-ranging political reform, and along with the combination of unforeseen problems that resulted from the economic reform policies, the country underwent another political crisis, culminating in the crackdown of massive pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen Square.
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People's Republic of China
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1976–1989 | |||||||||
Anthem:
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Capital | Beijing 39°55′N 116°23′E | ||||||||
Largest city | Shanghai (metropolitan area and urban area) | ||||||||
Official languages | Standard Chinese | ||||||||
Recognised regional languages | |||||||||
Official script | Simplified Chinese[lower-alpha 1] | ||||||||
Ethnic groups | See Ethnic groups in China | ||||||||
Religion | See Religion in China | ||||||||
Demonym(s) | Chinese | ||||||||
Government | Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party socialist republic | ||||||||
Hua Guofeng (1976–1978) Deng Xiaoping (1978–1989)[a] | |||||||||
Hua Guofeng (1976–1981) Hu Yaobang (1981–1987) Zhao Ziyang (1987–1989) | |||||||||
Li Xiannian (1983–1988) Yang Shangkun (from 1988) | |||||||||
• Premier | Hua Guofeng (1976–1980) Zhao Ziyang (1980–1987) Li Peng (from 1987) | ||||||||
Legislature | National People's Congress | ||||||||
Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
9 September 1976 | |||||||||
18 December 1978 | |||||||||
17 February – 16 March 1979 | |||||||||
4 December 1982 | |||||||||
21 May – 9 June 1989 | |||||||||
24 June 1989 | |||||||||
Area | |||||||||
• Total | 9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi) | ||||||||
• Water (%) | 2.8% | ||||||||
Population | |||||||||
• 1985 | 1,075,589,361 | ||||||||
Currency | Renminbi (yuan; ¥) (CNY) | ||||||||
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard Time) | ||||||||
Date format | |||||||||
Driving side | right[lower-alpha 2] | ||||||||
Calling code | +86 | ||||||||
ISO 3166 code | CN | ||||||||
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