Grain boundary
Interface between crystallites in a polycrystalline material / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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In materials science, a grain boundary is the interface between two grains, or crystallites, in a polycrystalline material. Grain boundaries are two-dimensional defects in the crystal structure, and tend to decrease the electrical and thermal conductivity of the material. Most grain boundaries are preferred sites for the onset of corrosion[1] and for the precipitation of new phases from the solid. They are also important to many of the mechanisms of creep.[2] On the other hand, grain boundaries disrupt the motion of dislocations through a material, so reducing crystallite size is a common way to improve mechanical strength, as described by the Hall–Petch relationship.