Fission–fusion society
Social organization / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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In ethology, fission–fusion society is one in which the size and composition of the social group change as time passes and animals move throughout the environment; animals merge into a group (fusion)—e.g. sleeping in one place—or split (fission)—e.g. foraging in small groups during the day. For species that live in fission–fusion societies, group composition is a dynamic property. The change in composition, subgroup size, and dispersion of different groups are 3 main elements of a fission-fusion society.[1][2]
This social organization is found in several primates, elephants, cetaceans, ungulates, social carnivores, some birds[1] and some fish.