Exceptionalism
Belief that a species, group, or era is 'extraordinary' / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Exceptionalism is the perception or belief that a species, country, society, institution, movement, individual, or time period is "exceptional" (i.e., unusual or extraordinary). The term carries the implication, whether or not specified, that the referent is superior in some way.
Although the idea appears to have developed with respect to an era, today it is particularly applied with respect to particular nations or regions.
Other uses of the term include medical and genetic exceptionalism.
==History== Hey
The German romantic philosopher-historians, especially Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803) and Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814), dwelt on the theme of uniqueness in the late 18th century. They de-emphasized the political state and instead emphasized the uniqueness of the Volk, comprising the whole people, their languages and traditions. Each nation, considered as a cultural entity with its own distinctive history, possessed a "national spirit", or "soul of the people" (in German: Volksgeist). This idea had a strong influence in the growth of nationalism in 19th-century European lands—especially in ones ruled by élites from somewhere else.[1][2]
Claims of exceptionality have been made for many countries, including the United States, Australia (especially in South Australia[3]),[4] China, France, Germany, Greece,[5] Pakistan, Imperial Japan, Iran, Serbia, Israel, North Korea, South Africa,[6][7] Spain, the UK, the USSR, Thailand[8][9] and Lebanon.[10] Historians have added many other cases, including historic empires such as China, the Ottoman Empire, ancient Rome, and ancient India, along with a wide range of minor kingdoms in history.[11]