Vietnam under Chinese rule
Four historical periods when Vietnam was ruled by Chinese dynasties / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Vietnam under Chinese rule or Bắc thuộc (北屬, lit. "belonging to the north")[1][2] (111 BC–939, 1407–1428) refers to four historical periods when several portions of modern-day Northern Vietnam was under the rule of various Chinese dynasties. Bắc thuộc in Vietnamese historiography is traditionally considered to have started in 111 BC, when the Han dynasty conquered Nanyue (Vietnamese "Nam Việt") and lasted until 939, when the Ngô dynasty was founded. A fourth, relatively brief, 20-year rule by the Ming dynasty during the 15th century is usually excluded by historians in their discussion of the main, almost continuous, period of Chinese rule from 111 BC to 939 AD. Historians such as Keith W. Taylor, Catherine Churchman, and Jaymin Kim assert these periods and stereotypes enveloped the narrative as modern constructs, however, and critique they being served for various nationalist and irredentist causes in China, Vietnam, and other countries. Museums in Vietnam often completely omit periods of Chinese rule, skipping over large periods of its own history.[3][4]