Ĝ
Latin letter G with circumflex, used in Esperanto / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ĝ or ĝ (G circumflex) is a consonant in Esperanto orthography, representing a voiced postalveolar affricate (either palato-alveolar or retroflex), and is equivalent to a voiced postalveolar affricate /dʒ/ or a voiced retroflex affricate /dʐ/.
G with circumflex | |
---|---|
Ĝ ĝ | |
Gx gx, Gh gh | |
Usage | |
Writing system | Latin |
Type | alphabetic |
Language of origin | Esperanto, Aleut language, Khinalug language, Toba Qom language |
Phonetic usage | |
Unicode codepoint | U+011C, U+011D |
History | |
Development | |
Transliteration equivalents | Г̑ г̑, Ӷ ӷ, Гг гг |
Variations | Gx gx, Gh gh |
Other | |
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
While Esperanto orthography uses a diacritic for its four postalveolar consonants, as do the Latin-based Slavic alphabets, the base letters are Romano-Germanic. Ĝ is based on the letter g, which has this sound in English and Italian before the vowels i and e (with some exceptions in English), to better preserve the shape of borrowings from those languages (such as ĝenerala from general) than Slavic đ (Serbo-Croatian) or dž would.[1]
Ĝ is the ninth letter in Esperanto orthography. Although it is written as gx and gh respectively in the x-system and h-system workarounds, it is normally written as G with a circumflex: ĝ.